Cubism, developed by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, revolutionized art in the early 20th century by fragmenting objects into geometric forms. This abstraction allowed viewers to see multiple perspectives simultaneously, challenging traditional representation.

Key works like Picasso's 'Les Demoiselles d'Avignon' laid the groundwork for the movement, which influenced other artistic styles like Futurism and Constructivism. Cubism's legacy continues in contemporary abstract art.