The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), signed in 1994, aimed to increase trade between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico by reducing trade barriers. It boosted trade in North America, though it has also faced criticism for impacting local industries.

Although NAFTA led to economic growth, it also sparked debates over labor standards and environmental protections. In recent years, it was replaced by the USMCA, which aimed to address some of these issues and update the trade framework for the modern era.