Lake Victoria, spanning Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya, is the largest lake in Africa by surface area and the second-largest freshwater lake in the world. It is a critical resource for millions of people, providing water, food, and transportation.

The lake is also an important ecological hotspot, supporting diverse fish species, including the Nile perch and tilapia. However, it faces significant environmental challenges such as overfishing, invasive species, and pollution. Restoration efforts aim to ensure its sustainability for future generations.